Take-up for twist lace machines



14, 1945. A. E. HUNTER TAKE-UP FOR TWIST LACE MACHINES Aug.

2 Sheefs-Sheet 1 Filed Jan.,5, 1944 I nv en t or Patented Aug. 14, 1945 omcs TAK'E UP FOR TWIST LACE MACHINES Albert Edward Hunter, Wcllaton, England, asv Signor to Byard Manufacturing Company,

Limited, Nottingham, England Application January 5, 1944, Serial him 517,930 In Great Britain November 19, 1942 7 Claims. (01. si -31) it 'Ilhis.iimention relates to improvements twist laceamachmesand the production of fabrics and articles thereon and has for its principal object to produce shaped articles on a twist lace .ma

chine. :In particular an object of the intention is to produce .hageshaped articles, such as hair nets, slumhe'rcaps and the'like. a i i "The prmci-pal feature of the present .inVen-. tionconsists in theprovisicnof means on a twist on to one of said members and it yiiill'b clea that the peripheral speed of the center portion lace machine for varyingthe speed of takeaup speedat which the fabric of: each breadth is 1 taken up is different atdifferent locations acro s the breadth. Normally, on a twist lacevmach-ine, the fabric as produced. passes up the front. of the towing bar and :then over "the sporcupine roller and is finally wound on. to a cylindrical fabricreceiving roller. which :is rotated by convenient means. a. i i Accordinato one embodiment of the invention the usual porcupine roller is replaced by :8 cam shaped roller or plurality of cam shaped rollers the periphery of which :iS displaced from the axis by different amounts at different positions across the breadth of such cam shaped roller or each thereof. After passing :OVBI g-said roller or rollers the work is wound on to a single roller or two or more rollers as desired.

According to an alternative embodiment the porcupine roller andithe cylindrical fabric-r ceiving roller are dispensed with and the dabricas made passes up the facing tbarsand is then received on a member mounted to rotate about its axis, the periphery of which member from the axis is different at different positions in the width of themembeni In a particular embodiment 'a cross section of said member taken through its axis is substantially elliptical. A plurality-of such members are mounted to rotate with a'driven shaft which extends at a convenient location from one end to the other of the machine and a "plurality (of independentlength of fabric are produced si multaneously across the breadthof f the machine and each one of such lengths, after passingover thefacing bar is securediit may in the 'first instance be secured by tying or any other convenient means) to one of saidmembersso thatas the said members rotate with the shaft on wnien they are-mounted each of said lengths iswoun'd of each member will be greater than thexp ripm eral speed of the side portions; consequently each length instead of being a len th ofqfiat or: plain fabric will boot trough section. 1 J i l. In order that the natureofthe invention m y be more readily understood reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings; where. in: f T Figure '1 is afraginental cross sectional elevationai view of axlace machine in accordance with this invention. 1 1 l i 1 i l i .5 Figure 2 illustrates a length'of hair net fabric produced in accordance with the invention. p Figure 3 is a perspective view of pa. tahefllp member in accordance with this invention; 1 and "Figure 4 is a sectional view of a series of said members mounted upona shaft.

Figure 6 illustrates an alternative .method of taking up the fabric in which membersasillustrated in Eigure 3 are'employed. s i

Figure 6 illustrates onemethod-of co ing the take-up operation. 2 a l l Figure '7 illustratesa fragmental length oisha-ir net fabric formed at intervals .lwith clothing or the lihe; f i '1 i Figure 5 8 is Zan .elevational view of a modified shape of take-up member "for" ztakingqnp breadth-s of fabric of the \typeidlustrated in Figure FLT Figure '9 is a section on the line 8+9 of fi ures. a 1 1 1' Refer-ring to Fig'klya'parfs ofthe'ilacemachine standard is indicated at I The bobbins and car riages are shown at 2 slidablymour'zted incombs 3, mounted on comb bars '1, .the carriages bein actuated by. catch barsi." Points} are mounted in point bars 'l and the work as made passes sup the facing :ba'r 8. The beforenamed constituem: partszaro-normal to twist lace machines of the sisters and =goi-fihliough type and iuncticnnormally to produce lace .or .openworh iabrics .in knownmanner. 1' s a .I. 1.;1 Numerous "types of fabrics and articles may :be produced in accordance (with the invention but the invention is more particularly concerned with the manufacture of hair nets and this applicationiof :the invention will :now be. [described Joy wayofexam-ple. Across the ibreadth of the machine a plura ity of lengths of 'ppenwork fabric are produced and one orsuch len ths is illust ated in F u ez Adjacent lengths will not the connected by lacing threads. i l

- In accordance :with

normal: practice on; ace

mono:

machines, after the work passes up over the facing bar 8 it then passes on to a porcupine roller on to a work-receiving roller. The rate of takeup of the work is, therefore, uniform across each breadth of fabric. Each breadth of fabric is subsequently severed, say along the lines 9 in Fig. 2, and each ,severed portionis made up into a hair net; ,the' loose ends at the position of severing are knotted and'a bag-like shape is imparted to the hair net by inserting an elastic thread along each edge which is conveniently inserted during the course of manufacture. to the present state of emergency the supply of.

Due

elastic is limited and one object of theinvention' is to provide means whereby a bag-like shape is imparted without the use of elastic, but as viewed from another aspect the invention provides means whereby the meshes of the fabric in the" centre part are'bigger and more open than at each side so that the hair net will closely'simu late hand-made hair nets of human hair and will'have inherentproperties tending to produce a bag-like shape irrespective of whether the elastic edging threads are used or not. To this end the usual porcupine roller is replaced by a series of cam-shaped discs l0, there being one disc for each breadth of fabric made. The discs are mounted on a square'shaft I I and separated-from one another by spacers or washers I2. The shaft I I is rounded at each end and rotates in suitable formed on each side with a boss indicated at I4.

The distance between the two bosses of .each

member I across the periphery of the said member is substantially the same as the width of each breadth. It is obvious that the peripheral speed of the member I0 varies in accordance with the distance of the periphery from the axis of the shaft II and consequently the centre part of each breadth will be taken up at a faster rate than the edges of each breadth and as a result the meshes of the'fabric, lyingin the central part of each breadth will be wider or more openwork than the meshes lying at or near each side. To

accommodate for this the threads will preferably be drawn from beams to allow. for adifi'erent rate of feed corresponding to the different rate oftake-up. From the foregoing it will be obvious that after the work has been made and unwound from the members II] it may then be severed into lengths.9--9, Fig. 2, the severed ends knotted and individual hair netseach having a bag-like shape closelysimu lating in appearance the hand made hair nets of human hair .will thus be produced.

As the work proceeds and is wound on to the members I0 the effective diameter or overall dimensions of such member will increase consequent upon the thickness of materialwound on and the-periperal speed of" take up will "also increase? To counteract-this the train ofigearing is preferably provided so that thesp eedof rotatation of the members Ill is reduced as the work is wound onto .such members; Anyknownaior The fabric, after passing up the convenient means for varying the speed of rotation automatically may be employed or, in the alternative, at different phases in the process of manufacture the machine may be temporarily stopped and a new set of gear wheels fitted. In lieu of winding the work on to the members III the work may pass over one of such members then under a guiding rod or' roller 5 an'd finally is wound on to the take-up r'o'ller' I6. This alternative is illustrated in Fig. 5. To avoid the necessity of knotting the severed ends of each I hair net the hair nets may, if desired, be formed with. what isv known in the trade as terminal ends. This construction is illustrated in Fig. '7.

At spaced locations in the length of each breadth a short length of clothing I1 is produced and after each length has been manufactured the lengths are severed along the line I8 midway of each length of clothing. The clothing at the end of each hair net replaces the knots and along each edge of each breadth there may be a substantially thick thread, indicated at I9, which is'securely locked in the clothing. Even if the lengths are made as shown in Fig. 2 without clothing there may, of course, be a thick thread along each edge if desired and such thread will be tied in with the knotting.

The manufacture of hair nets with terminal ends in accordance with this invention raises certain difiiculties, however, because. if a take-up member of the type illustrated in Fig. 3 is em-v ployed it is found that the fabricruptures where the clothing is made, due to the fact that there is no give or elasticity in the area of the clothing, and to avoid this the member ID is replaced by a substantially kidney-shaped member 20, illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9, the arrangement and disposition of the parts being such that the areas of clothing I8 are accommodated on the lower part of the cam and do not spread overor spread over only to a very small extent around the sides of the cam, the bulk of. the fabric between the clothingareas being accommodated on the high part of the cam as clearly shown in Fig. 8. Means for varying the rate of take-up of the members 20 to accommodate for variation in effective peripheral speed consequent upon the fabric being wound on to the members 20 is preferably provided as previously described.

When commencing to manufacturevopenwork fabric in accordance with this invention the first ends of yarn are taken up over the facing-bar and one half tiediround each boss I4 of each member In or 20 as clearly shown in Fig. 6: and untilsuch time as-a complete length of woven. fabric extends from the facing bar 2 and at least partially around each member I0 threads. or wire s;2,lare threaded laterally through the .lengths to assist in taking the strain. These may be onveniently removed sequentially as they reach he members In or they may, if desired, be left, imposition and removed. when the fabric is finally-withdrawn from such members; in the alternative they may be severed between adjacent breadths as they rise over the members ID or 20. v 5 h Although the invention has been described with reference to the manufacture of hair nets it will beappreciated that it may with'advantagebe applied to the production of other shaped articles on twist lace machines. i Iclaimr U 1. In a twist lace machine, a substantially diskshaped fabric take-up member having slightly frusto-conical side faces being displaced from the axis of rotation of said take-up member by 'd iifer ent amounts at different positions across the breadth of said member and a rim the various portions of which are at different distances from the axis about which said member rotates.

2. In a twist lace machine, a fabric take-up member having substantially the shape of an elliptical disk with slightly frusto-conical side faces being displaced from the axis of rotation of said take-up member by difierent amounts at different positions across the breadth of said member,

said disk being eccentrically supported rotatably about an axis normal to said side faces.

3. In a twist lace machine, a substantially diskshaped asymmetric rotatable fabric take-up member having at least substantially frusto-conical side faces being displaced from the axis of rotation of said take-up member by different amounts at different positions across the breadth of said member and bein rotatably supported about an eccentric axis extending normal to the direction of movement of the twist lace on said machine.

4. In a twist lace machine, a substantially kidney-shaped rotatable fabric take-up member having a rim the various portions of which are at dififerent distances from the axis about which said member rotates.

5. In a twist lace machine, a substantially kidney-shaped rotatable fabric take-up member having a rim the various portions of which are at difierent distances from the axis about which said member rotates and having slightly frusto-conical side faces the various portions of which are at different distances from said axis of rotation at difierent positions across the breadth of said member.

6. In a twist lace machine, a substantially diskshaped rotatable fabric take-up member having a rim the various portions of which are at different distances from the axis about which said member rotates, the periphery of said take-up member being displaced from said axis of rotation by different amounts at different positions across the breadth of said member.

'7. In a twist lace machine, a substantially kidney-shaped rotatable fabric take-up member having a rim the various portions of which are at difierent distances from the axis about which said member rotates, the periphery of said take-up member being displaced from said axis of rotation by different amounts at difierent positions across the breadth of said member.

ALBERT EDWARD HUNTER. 

